Views: 89 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2020-01-14 Origin: Site
Tire is a kind of circular elastic rubber product which is assembled on all kinds of vehicles or machines. Usually installed on the metal rim, it can support the body, buffer the external impact, achieve the contact with the road and ensure the driving performance of the vehicle.
Automobile tire can be divided into pneumatic tire and solid tire according to different carcass structure. The vast majority of modern cars use pneumatic tires. According to the air pressure in the tire, pneumatic tire can be divided into three types, high pressure tire, low pressure tire and ultra-low pressure tire. Low pressure tyres are widely used in all kinds of cars. According to different composition and structure, pneumatic tire can be divided into two types, inner tire and tubeless tire. According to the arrangement of inner ply and buffer layer, the tire can be divided into radial tire and bias tire. It is marked on the side of the tyre.
For example, in China's national tire standards, the U.S. tire and rim manual, the European tire and rim standards, the Japanese tire standards and the international tire standards, they are classified by usage. They can be divided into the following types..
It is a tire mounted on a car, mainly used for high-speed driving on a good road. The maximum driving speed can reach more than 200 km / h, which requires comfortable riding, low noise, good maneuverability and stability. Most of the tire structures adopt radial structure.
It usually refers to truck tires with a rim diameter of 16 inches and a section width of 9 inches and above. This kind of tire is mainly used in highway, and its running speed can reach 80-100km / h.
It usually refers to trucks, dump trucks, various special and trailer tires with rim diameter of 18-24 inches and section width of 7 inches or more. The road surface is relatively complex, and the driving speed is generally less than 80km / h.
Construction machinery tires are installed on special construction machinery vehicles, such as loaders, bulldozers, excavators and stonecutters. The driving speed is not high, but the road conditions and load performance are demanding. Bias tire structure is mainly used.
Off road vehicles are driven by front and rear wheels. Off road vehicle tires are mainly used on bad roads, such as desert, muddy ground, soft soil or other roads without road surface. It is required that the tires have high trafficability. Off road tires often use low air pressure. Some of them also use pressure regulating tyres to adjust the tyre pressure according to the road conditions.
Agricultural tyres are mainly used on tractors, combiners and agricultural vehicles. Forestry machinery tyres are installed on forestry tractors and forestry machinery to carry out forestry cutting, skidding, shoveling and excavation. These two kinds of tires are characterized by low speed requirements, but their service conditions are harsh. They are often driven in the field path with poor conditions, hard stubble or gravel mountain road, or even the road without road surface. The tires are easy to be scratched or cut. The other feature is intermittent operation, short mileage, but long service life, so it is required that the tire has better flex cracking resistance and aging resistance.
It is mainly used for pneumatic tires, semi-solid tires and solid tires on industrial vehicles. It includes battery car tires, forklift tires and flat car tires, etc.
It is used for tires on motorcycles, including motorcycle tires, moped tires and small wheel diameter motorcycle tires.
It is pneumatic tires for aircraft.
It includes artillery tyre, tank tyre, armored tyre, desert tyre, explosion-proof vehicle tyre, etc.
It is a pneumatic tyre for bicycles, tricycles and trolleys.
It is used for the tires on electric bikes.
According to the structure design, the tire can be divided into diagonal tire and radial tire. The fundamental difference between radial tire and diagonal tire lies in the carcass.
The carcass of bias ply tire is a ply with diagonal crossing. The strength of tread and sidewall is large, but the sidewall stiffness is large with poor comfort. Because of the large movement and friction between plies at high speed, it is not suitable for high-speed driving. With the continuous improvement of radial tire, bias tire will be basically eliminated.
While the carcass of radial tire is made of multi-layer polymer cross materia. Its top layer is several layers of steel cord made of steel wire, which can reduce the probability of tire puncturing by foreign matters. The steel belt in radial tire has better flexibility to adapt to the irregular impact of the road, and it is durable. Its cord structure also means that there is much less friction than diagonal in the driving of the car, thus obtaining a longer tread life and better fuel economy. At the same time, the characteristics of radial tire make the tubeless tire possible. Tubeless tire has a recognized advantage. That is, when the tire is punctured, it does not burst like the diagonal tire with inner tube (It is very dangerous), but enables the tire to maintain air pressure for a period of time, improving the driving safety of the car. In addition, the radial tire has better grip.
Compared with the ordinary bias tire, radial tire has the advantages of large elasticity, good wear resistance, small rolling resistance, good adhesion, good cushioning performance, large bearing capacity. It is not easy to pierce. The disadvantage is that the sidewall is easy to crack, and the lateral stability of the car is slightly poor due to large lateral deformation. It has high manufacturing technology requirements and high cost.
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