Views: 87 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2020-04-22 Origin: Site
Automobile, a wheeled road vehicle equipped with light power and self propulsion, was not like this at the beginning of its invention. The development of automobile also has a long process. After more than 100 years of continuous improvement and innovation, it has gathered the wisdom and ingenuity of human beings, and benefited from the support of petroleum, steel, aluminum, chemical industry, plastic, mechanical equipment, power, road network, electronic technology and finance and other industries, which has led to their development. Today, it is widely used in various fields of life.
In 1680, Newton, a famous British scientist, conceived the plan of jet car, which used nozzle to spray steam to push the car, but failed to make it into a real object.
Steam Automobile
In 1769, French N.J. Cugnot built a three-wheel car driven by steam generated from gas combustion. But the car's speed is only 4 kilometers per hour, and every 15 minutes it has to stop to add coal to the boiler, which is very troublesome. Later, the car hit the brick wall during a trip, and it broke into pieces.
In 1829, the British James invented a steam car with a speed of 25 kilometers per hour, which can be used as a large car.
In 1883, Daimler completed the gasoline engine, and began to assemble it on two-wheelers, tricycles and four-wheelers in the second year to make a gasoline engine car. In particular, the gasoline engine four-wheel truck manufactured in 1886 has a 1.5 horsepower engine and a speed of 18 kilometers per hour.
In 1885, the German engineer Karl Benz built the first Benz patented motor vehicle in Mannheim. The vehicle is a three-wheeled vehicle with a two-stroke single-cylinder 0.9-horsepower gasoline engine. This vehicle has some basic characteristics of modern cars, such as spark ignition, water cooling cycle, steel tube frame, leaf spring suspension, rear wheel drive front wheel steering and brake handlebar. This is recognized as the first modern car in the world.
1885 was a year of decisive breakthrough in automobile invention. Benz, who was at the same factory as Daimler, was also studying cars. He made a gasoline engine almost at the same time as Daimler in 1885, mounted it on a car, and drove at a speed of 12 kilometers per hour, with success. This year, Butler also invented cars with gasoline engines. In addition, Berna also invented cars. And Puchlov and Volobov invented cars equipped with internal combustion engines.
Hungarian engineer Ányos Jedlik was the first person in the world to work on electric automobiles. He completed the telex device in the laboratory in 1828.
The first actually manufactured electric automobile was invented by American Anderson between 1832 and 1839. The battery used in this electric car is relatively simple and cannot be recharged.
In 1899, the German Porsche invented a wheel motor to replace the chain drive commonly used in automobiles at that time. Subsequently, the Lohner-Porsche electric car was developed, which uses lead-acid batteries as the power source and is directly driven by the in-wheel motor in the front wheel. This is also the first car named after Porsche. At the Paris Expo in 1900, the car debuted in the name of Toujours-Contente, which was a sensation.
Subsequently, Porsche also loaded two in-wheel motors on the rear wheels of Lohner-Porsche, which gave birth to the world's first four-wheel drive electric car. But the battery used in this car is large in size and weight, and the maximum speed is only 60 kilometers per hour. In order to solve these problems, Porsche added an internal combustion engine to this electric car in 1902 to generate power to drive the wheel motor, which is also the world's first hybrid car.
We are now in the era of smart cars. Smart cars mainly refer to the use of various sensors and artificial intelligence technologies to provide auto research and judgment capabilities. For example, the tire pressure monitoring system can measure the tire pressure in real time by the tire pressure sensor to prevent accidents. In the 21st century, smart cars will bring human beings into the era of intelligent information with higher speed and efficiency.
