Types and Working Principle of Automobile Tire Pressure Monitoring System

With the progress of automobile science and technology, more and more cars are installed with tire pressure monitoring system, which gives us a quick and real-time knowledge of tire pressure, and brings great protection to our car.

Types of Tire Pressure Monitoring System

Indirect WSB:

Wheel Speed Based TPMS, abbreviated as WSB. This system compares the speed difference between tires through the wheel speed sensor of automobile ABS system, in order to achieve the purpose of monitoring tire pressure. ABS uses wheel speed sensors to determine whether the wheel is locking or not, thus deciding whether to activate the anti-lock system. When the tire pressure decreases, the weight of the vehicle will make the tire diameter smaller, which will lead to a change in speed, and  can be used to trigger the alarm system to warn the driver.

Direct PSB:

Pressure Sensor Based TPMS, abbreviated as PSB.

Compound TPMS:

It has the advantages of the above two systems. It is equipped with direct sensors in two diagonal tires and a four-wheel indirect system. Compared with the direct system, this compound system can reduce the cost and overcome the disadvantage that the indirect system can not detect the low pressure of multiple tires at the same time. However, it still does not provide real-time data on the actual pressure in all four tires, as in the direct system.

There are still many places to be improved in tire pressure monitoring system. For the indirect system, the lack of gas in the coaxial or more than two tires can not be shown, and the monitoring failure when the speed is above 100km/h. For the direct system, the stability and reliability of wireless signal transmission, the service life of the sensor, the accuracy of alarm prompt and the voltage resistance of the sensor all need to be improved.

Some models such as Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Ferrari, Porsche and Volkswagen have been installed with tire pressure monitoring system. It can be said that TPMS is a relatively high-end product, which is still a long way for popularization. In the future, which attaches great importance to automobile safety, tire pressure monitoring system will sooner become the standard configuration on all cars, just as ABS needs a process from the emergence to the popularity.

Working Principle of Tire Pressure Monitoring System

There are two kinds of tire pressure monitoring system:

One is an indirect tire pressure monitoring system, also known as WSB, which determines whether the tire is abnormal by the speed difference of the tire.

The direct-type tire pressure monitoring system is characterized in that four tire pressure monitoring sensors are arranged in the tire to avoid road traffic accidents caused by tire failure to ensure safe driving.

Direct tire pressure monitoring:

The direct tire pressure monitoring device uses the pressure sensor installed in each tire to directly measure the tire pressure, it uses the wireless transmitter to send the pressure information from the tire interior to the central receiver module, and then displays the tire pressure data. When the tire pressure is too low or air leakage happens, the system will automatically alarm.

Indirect tire pressure monitoring:

The working principle of indirect tire pressure monitoring system is that when the pressure of a tire drops, the weight of the vehicle will reduce the rotation of the tire, resulting in faster speed than other wheels. By comparing the speed difference between tires, the purpose of monitoring tire pressure is achieved.